In recent years, coastal territories, particularly beaches, have assumed unprecedented prominence due to their increasing fragility and their management monopolised often by beach concessions. Within the complex process of Italy's adaptation to the Bolkestein Directive and the recent national political debate on beach concessions, the urban planning discipline is called upon to reflect on the possible reorganisation of the issue of maritime state property and its spatial impact on a territory, the coastal one, which the thesis identifies as a scarce and vulnerable public good. The object of this research is the Territorio Mare, an idea that interprets the coastline as a dynamic and relational depth with variable thickness characterised by the continuous interaction between the terrestrial and marine ecosystems. It is an osmotic interface with constantly evolving spatial boundaries crossed by ecological, social and spatial tensions. In particular, through the lens of transition, the case study of the Campania region and an in-depth analysis in the context of the metropolitan city of Naples, the thesis aims to understand what role maritime state property can play in guaranteeing fair and democratic access to the sea for all citizens, while ensuring the safety of coastal communities in the face of the challenges posed by sea-level rise and erosion. The first part of the work examines the current relevance of the topic in the discipline of urban planning, looking at the coast: on the one hand, as a fragile asset, highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and increasingly frequent and intense extreme events; on the other hand, as a public good with social relevance, whose management methods have accentuated social inequalities, exacerbating conflicts between economic interests and collective values. In the second part, starting from theoretical assumptions, the research looks at Campania as a research device and then approaches the Neapolitan coast, a paradigmatic context of negations, contradictions and resistances. Through a methodological approach that favours the direct observation of phenomena and combines research and activism, the work reports a series of micro-stories that highlight the imbalances of interests and tensions that persist around the Territorio Mare but also attempts at re-appropriation, projects and practices that point to possible alternative scenarios to the current model of exploitation. By investigating the spatial implications of the coastal management system, the research explores how social re-appropriation and collective management practices can influence the reduction of socio-spatial disparities and promote a new season of coastal re-democratisation policies. Finally, it concludes with a reflection on the need to reform the management system and define a new coastal project in the paradigm of transition, based on three categories of interpretation: rethinking the coast in terms of how it is used, claiming the coast as a common, and reconstructing the maritime state property by looking at socio-ecological concessions as a project tool.
I territori costieri, e in particolare le spiagge, hanno assunto negli ultimi anni un protagonismo senza precedenti per la loro crescente fragilità e la loro gestione spesso monopolizzata dalle concessioni balneari. All’interno del complesso processo di adeguamento dell’Italia alla Direttiva Bolkestein e del recente dibattito politico nazionale relativo alle concessioni balneari, la disciplina urbanistica è chiamata a riflettere sull’eventuale riordino della materia del demanio marittimo e sulle sue ricadute spaziali su un territorio, quello costiero, che la tesi identifica come un bene pubblico scarso e vulnerabile. L’oggetto di questa ricerca è il Territorio Mare, un’idea che interpreta la costa come uno spessore dinamico e relazionale a profondità variabile caratterizzato dalla continua interazione tra ecosistema terrestre e marino; un’interfaccia osmotica, con confini spaziali in costante evoluzione attraversata da tensioni ecologiche, sociali e spaziali. In particolare, attraverso la lente della transizione, il caso studio della regione Campania e degli sguardi in profondità nel contesto della città metropolitana di Napoli, la tesi si propone di comprendere quale ruolo può svolgere il demanio marittimo nel garantire un accesso equo e democratico al mare per tutti i cittadini, assicurando al contempo la sicurezza delle comunità costiere di fronte alle sfide poste dall'innalzamento del livello del mare e dall'erosione. Nella prima parte il lavoro esplora la rilevanza attuale del tema nella disciplina urbanistica, considerando la costa: da un lato come un bene fragile fortemente vulnerabile agli impatti del cambiamento climatico e agli eventi estremi sempre più frequenti e intensi; dall’altra come un bene pubblico dall’altra rilevanza sociale, le cui modalità di gestione hanno accentuato forti disuguaglianze sociali, amplificando conflitti tra interessi economici e valori collettivi. Nella seconda parte, a partire dai presupposti teorici, la ricerca guarda alla Campania come dispositivo di ricerca, per poi avvicinarsi alla costa napoletana, contesto paradigmatico di negazioni, contraddizioni e resistenze. Attraverso un approccio metodologico che predilige un’osservazione diretta dei fenomeni e combina ricerca e attivismo, il lavoro riporta alcune microstorie che evidenziano gli squilibri di interessi e tensioni persistenti attorno al Territorio Mare, ma anche tentativi di riappropriazione, progetti e pratiche che indicano possibili scenari alternativi rispetto all’attuale modello di sfruttamento. Nell’indagare le ricadute spaziali del sistema di gestione delle coste, la ricerca esplora come le pratiche di riappropriazione sociale e di gestione collettiva possono influenzare la riduzione dei divari socio-spaziali, promuovendo una nuova stagione di politiche di ri-democratizzazione della costa. Si conclude infine con una riflessione sulla necessità di una riforma del sistema di gestione e sulla definizione di un nuovo progetto di costa nel paradigma della transizione, a partire da tre categorie interpretative: ripensare la costa secondo “l’uso che se ne fa”, rivendicare la costa come bene comune e ricostruire il demanio marittimo guardando alle concessioni socio-ecologiche come strumento di progetto.
Territorio Mare. Pratiche di riappropriazione socio-ecologica della costa napoletana / Pica, Klarissa. - (2024 Dec 17).
Territorio Mare. Pratiche di riappropriazione socio-ecologica della costa napoletana
PICA, KLARISSA
2024-12-17
Abstract
In recent years, coastal territories, particularly beaches, have assumed unprecedented prominence due to their increasing fragility and their management monopolised often by beach concessions. Within the complex process of Italy's adaptation to the Bolkestein Directive and the recent national political debate on beach concessions, the urban planning discipline is called upon to reflect on the possible reorganisation of the issue of maritime state property and its spatial impact on a territory, the coastal one, which the thesis identifies as a scarce and vulnerable public good. The object of this research is the Territorio Mare, an idea that interprets the coastline as a dynamic and relational depth with variable thickness characterised by the continuous interaction between the terrestrial and marine ecosystems. It is an osmotic interface with constantly evolving spatial boundaries crossed by ecological, social and spatial tensions. In particular, through the lens of transition, the case study of the Campania region and an in-depth analysis in the context of the metropolitan city of Naples, the thesis aims to understand what role maritime state property can play in guaranteeing fair and democratic access to the sea for all citizens, while ensuring the safety of coastal communities in the face of the challenges posed by sea-level rise and erosion. The first part of the work examines the current relevance of the topic in the discipline of urban planning, looking at the coast: on the one hand, as a fragile asset, highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and increasingly frequent and intense extreme events; on the other hand, as a public good with social relevance, whose management methods have accentuated social inequalities, exacerbating conflicts between economic interests and collective values. In the second part, starting from theoretical assumptions, the research looks at Campania as a research device and then approaches the Neapolitan coast, a paradigmatic context of negations, contradictions and resistances. Through a methodological approach that favours the direct observation of phenomena and combines research and activism, the work reports a series of micro-stories that highlight the imbalances of interests and tensions that persist around the Territorio Mare but also attempts at re-appropriation, projects and practices that point to possible alternative scenarios to the current model of exploitation. By investigating the spatial implications of the coastal management system, the research explores how social re-appropriation and collective management practices can influence the reduction of socio-spatial disparities and promote a new season of coastal re-democratisation policies. Finally, it concludes with a reflection on the need to reform the management system and define a new coastal project in the paradigm of transition, based on three categories of interpretation: rethinking the coast in terms of how it is used, claiming the coast as a common, and reconstructing the maritime state property by looking at socio-ecological concessions as a project tool.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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