Design as a Driver for Capacity Building and CSR Integration.

The research investigates how design can act as a catalyst for capacity building (CB) within the digital and green transitions promoted by the European Union. While CB has traditionally been framed in development policy and organisational strengthening, little attention has been given to its integration with design processes and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Addressing this gap, the study argues for a Design Driven Capacity Building (DDCB) approach, where design not only supports but activates CSR through co-creation and systemic methodologies. Methodologically, the research builds on the Interreg Central Europe Capacity2Transform project, combining competence frameworks (DigiComp, GreenComp, EntreComp) with design-led pilot actions. A case study on sustainable mobility in Venice engaged 26 young designers, a local bike association, and experts through workshops, scenario development, and public presentations. Findings show that DDCB fosters stakeholder collaboration, enhances digital, green, and entrepreneurial skills, and generates social capital by aligning CSR with territorial innovation. The study concludes that design-driven approaches can provide replicable, adaptive models for sustainable development, contributing to Agenda 2030 goals by embedding CSR into systemic CB practices.