Mechanical Performance of CEB Masonry Reinforced with BFRP Net

Earth is a geo-based material widely used throughout history, with local soils shaping different building techniques, including masonry systems. In modern construction, earth-based solutions are gaining renewed interest due to their environmental sustainability and cost efficiency, presenting a viable alternative to conventional construction materials. Among these, Compressed Earth Block (CEB) represents a specific category of earth masonry units produced through compaction of an earth-water mix. Despite their advantages, earth-based construction faces challenges related to the low mechanical performance and inherent heterogeneity of soil mixes and construction practices. Additionally, masonry itself exhibits structural limitations, particularly low tensile resistance, which are magnified when earth-based solutions are adopted. Addressing these concerns, this study investigates a stabilized compressed earth block (SCEB) masonry system combined with an earth-based mortar. To enhance the structural integrity of the system, a Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) net is embedded within the mortar bed joints, acting as horizontal reinforcement by improving the lateral deformation capacity. An experimental campaign was carried out to assess the mechanical behavior of both unreinforced and reinforced masonry systems. Experimental campaign on masonry panels was performed to evaluate their mechanical response when subjected to vertical loads, and the effectiveness of the reinforcement. To further analyze the structural behavior of the system, a numerical model, calibrated on experimental data, was developed. The findings provide insights into the structural enhancement achieved through BFRP reinforcement, contributing to the broader adoption of improved earth-based construction techniques.